If multiple components
or occupations are present, which are of interest?
What types of features
might be expected at the site?
What is the estimated
depth to the tops and bottoms of features?
What is the physical
composition of anticipated features (characterize
construction materials, feature fill etc. in terms
of organic content, grain size and other factors that
contrast with the surrounding matrix)?
In the case of stone
features, what type of stone is used (igneous? sedimentary?),
and does it occur naturally on site?
If brick occurs at
the site, is it fired or unfired?
Was iron or steel
used for features or artifacts?
Are thermal features
(e.g., hearths or forges) present or anticipated at
the site?
Are there significant
areas with single occupation episodes?
Is there complex
stratigraphy, or repeated demolition and rebuilding?
Are features thought
to be relatively coherent and undisturbed?
What processes and
events have impacted the site, and to what extent?
Are soil, rock, and
brick samples from features available for testing?
Landform/sedimentary
context (e.g., floodplain, dissected upland):
What are the natural
soils at the site (grain size? Soil development?)?
What is the parent
material of the soils?
Are soils very alkaline?
Are soils fairly
homogeneous (rocky or complex bedding)?
Are distinct natural
strata (not soil horizons) present?
Are soils excessively
dry or saturated?
Is there generally
noticeable moisture in the soil within a few cm of
the surface?
At the surface, is
the soil usually hard, blocky, loose, sandy?
If soils are rocky:
What type of rock
(sedimentary or igneous)?
Characterize the
size and concentration of rocks
What is the depth
to bedrock, and what is its composition?
Are samples of naturally
occurring soil and rock available for testing?
What are the surface
conditions at the site (brush, buildings, modern metal,
land use)?
Describe the vegetation at the
site
What is the height and thickness
of brush, grass etc.?
Do cactus or thorny brush grow
thickly?
Is the survey area relatively contiguous
and free from obstacles?
Describe obstacles to survey (buildings,
fences, terrain).
Is the ground surface relatively
smooth, or is it furrowed or broken?
Are there appreciable amounts of
modern metal debris at the site?
Are there ferrous metal fences,
buildings, utility lines, machinery, etc. at the site?
Will livestock be present?
Are photographs or maps of the site available?
If trees are present:
Do they grow thickly?
What is the type and size of trees?
Do the trees have many branches
below shoulder height that would be obstacles to survey?
If cultivated:
What are the crops?
Are fields irrigated?
What condition will the field be
in at the time of survey?
Will walking close-interval transects
cause crop damage?